Dyslexia Hub
A Practical & Accessible Dyslexia Resource

The Social & Emotional Toll of Dyslexia
People with dyslexia often feel inferior to their peers. Studies have shown they are emotionally insecure, have lower self-esteem, and a negative self-concept, predisposing them to anxiety and depression (Novita, 2016). Furthermore, people with dyslexia may suffer in social interactions with their peers, as peers may perceive them as "less than." Furthermore, separation anxiety, often from a primary caregiver is frequently seen in children with dyslexia (MacBlain, 2007).
This inferiority complex has dire consequences including incarceration. Cassidy et al found that 47% of inmates had dyslexia. Participants reported academic and behavioural problems in school that led to decreased years in school and decreased high school graduation rates, with 87% reporting dropping out of school. An inability to secure gainful employment was a recurring issue, as was the inherent belief that they were "stupid" and unable to succeed in life.
As an educator the most devastating realization is that the social and emotional damage is caused by interactions with the educational system versus the disability itself. The knowledge, and ability to teach dyslexic students is well understood, the implementation at a systemic level is an abysmal failure.
Systemic change is required, until then there are simple accommodations and assessment tools you can implement to ensure no dyslexic child's self esteem is crushed in your classroom.
Right To Read Inquiry (2018)
Experiences of families and students
"[He] had regular meltdowns after school from Grade 1 from frustration and fatigue. In Grade 3, he came home and told me that he was the "dumbest and stupidest kid at [name of school]." He tends to act out to avoid doing work that is too difficult for him and so he is often in trouble at school. In Grade 5, he developed anxiety and a facial tic. In Grade 7, he would refuse to go to school or go and hide in the bathroom because he had so much anxiety. In Grade 8, he was purposely acting out so that he would be sent out of the classroom because he could not do the work. He said his dream was to be able to read and do the same work as the other students."
Imagine an 8-year-old girl with school avoidance. It is very difficult to get her out of bed and ready for school in the mornings. Mom holds down a full-time job and has been late to work because of this. She has multiple somatic or body complaints which are symptoms of anxiety. She struggles to sleep at night –worried about school the next day and is tired throughout the school day. She struggles to read at a Grade 1 level and mom is given the names of psychologists in the community because she is told, no interventions can be put in place until they have a formal Individual Education Plan. The mom is told the school’s waiting list is at least two years to get an assessment. The mother is near to tears in my office and her voice is full of frustration and worry. How are they going to afford the expense of a psychological evaluation? These children experience poor self-confidence, will say things like “I’m stupid…why was I born,[”] and face ridicule by classmates.
Ten months of the year, five days a week, our son goes to a place where he feels like a failure. It's a place that exhausts him because he has to work so much harder than neurotypical students to not even keep up. He has been called stupid by peers at school. That wears on his mental health and overall happiness. Not surprisingly, he is a completely different, far happier child during the summers.
The President of the Pediatricians Alliance:
Many years ago, I had a patient who was being seen for mood and anxiety problems and suicidal threats. Eventually she received a diagnosis of dyslexia, and spent a very long time on the waiting list for the Orton Gillingham evidenced based reading and language program. After one year, her reading and language skills had improved so significantly that her self-confidence, mood symptoms improved and suicidal threats abated.
IMPACT ON STUDENTS
Overwhelming themes and common narratives emerged from the Right to Read Inquiry.
School
Avoidance
Students realize early on they are different than their peers. Constant failure results in stress, frustration and sadness. Whether externalizing these emotions (opposition) or internalizing these emotions (anxiety, somatic) the child is trying to shield themselves from harm. Students emphatically want to learn, yet they are not given the tools to reach their potential.
Stereotyping & Victimization
Students with reading difficulties are at an increased risk for bullying and victimization; unfortunately from both students and educators.
Real world examples
Treated by their teachers:
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Publicly ridiculed
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Called stupid, lazy or dumb
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Asked to read aloud in front of peers
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Told they would end up homeless, exaggerating symptoms
Treated by their peers:
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Ostracized for not being able to contribute to group projects
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Ridiculed for spelling or reading mistakes
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Laughed at for asking for help
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Teased when singled out for accommodations
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Called names
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Physically assaulted.
Self Esteem
During public hearings students talked about feeling “dumb” or “stupid,”. Most felt inferior to their peers, relaying they were below grade level for all courses, even when this was often not the case. Students also described feeling inadequate and that they could never produce academic work on par their classmates. "Parents reported that their children referred to themselves as “stupid/dumb” and believed that they cannot or will never be able to read." Parents also expressed overwhelming sadness regarding the watching their 7 or 8 year old child feel as if they would never succeed academically, or vocationally. They talked about the pain of watching their excited, happy, social child who was excited to start school turn into a shell of their former self struggling daily with anxiety, and low self esteem.
Mental Health
Almost 60% of respondents reported student mental health challenges including..."students experiencing depression, eating disorders, difficulty with emotional regulation such as anger management, sleep disturbance, trauma and/or anxiety including General Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety, Separation Anxiety and Panic Disorder." There were stories of children as young as five suffering a mental health crisis. Other parents spoke of their children attempting suicide due to the overwhelming sense of hopelessness they felt regarding their future. Prominent psyciatrists and psychologists spoke of young patients attempting suicide who once given the tools to succeed suicidal ideology abated and mental health drastically improved.